Cylinder of internal combustion engines



Aug. 4, 1931. AUSTIN CYLINDER OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Aug. 28, 1928 I m I I I .r

Patented Aug. 4, 1 931 PATENT OFFICE HERBER'I. AUSTIN, OF BBOMSGBOVE, ENGLAND mmnna or INTERNAL comnns'rronnnemns Application filed August 88, 1928, Serial No 302,465, and in Great Britain September 20, 1987.

This invention relates to internal combustion engine cylinders generally; but is more especially applicable to the cylinders of tractor engines where the wear of the inter- 5 nal surfaces of the cylindersis considerable; and owing to this fact, it is expedient to provide means whereby the cylinder liners can be readily detached and replaced in an eflicient manner.

Internal combustion on no cylinder liners, as heretofore or usual y arranged, have been insertedfrom above and have been provided each with an external flange around its top edge adapted to fit down upon a packing arranged at the bottom of a recess in the top of the cylinder block. The bottom of the liner has been provided with a packing ring or rings to make a water-tight joint between the liner and a corresponding inner surface at the bottom of the cylinder block.

The liner has been secured within the cylinder block either by set-pins passed through the flange at the top of the liner and screwin into the cylinder block or else by provi ing a screw-thread at the periphery of the flange to engage with an internal screw thread in the recess at the top of the cylinder block.

According to the present invention, the liner is put in from the bottom of the cylinder block and bears upwards, at or near its upper ed e, against a packing of an internal shoul er of the cylinder block, the liner being pressed upwards against such packing by a screw device preferably situated at the bottom of the cylinder block.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood convenient adaptations thereof are described with reference to the drawings herewith, of which Figure 1 is a vertical section of a tractor engine cylinder constructed according to one convenient arrangement.

Figure 2 is a similar view of another arrangement of packing for the upper end, the screw device in this case being arranged below as in Figure 1.

Fi re 3 is a fragmentary sectional view show ng an alternative arrangement of screw device and packing for the lower end; and,

Figure 4 is a similar view to illustrate another arrangement of screw device and packing for the lower end.

Referring first to Figure 1, A is the cylinder block, I the liner and C the piston, the latter being of an convenient construction. The cylinder bloc A is formed at the to with an internal shoulder D rabbetted at E and within the rabbet is placed a packing F. The liner is shaped at its upper edge as the counterpart of the rabbet E and an additional packing may, if desired be placed in the space Gr. The liner, near its lower end, is provided with an external collar H 1 'ng within an enlarged bore J formed in rom the bottom of the cylinder block. K is a ring adapted to fit withm the bore H between the cylinder block and the liner and the ring K has, at its foot, an external flange L through which pass set-pins M screwing into the bottom of the cylinder block. N is a acking placed between the top of the ring and the collar H.

The packing F is first inserted in the rabbet E and then the liner is put in from underneath with its top ed e up against the acking F. The packing is then putin ollowed by the ring K and then the set pins are passed through the flange L and screwed up tight. This compresses both the packing N and the packing F and makes a good water joint at the top and bottom of the liner.

Figure 2 shows an alternative form of packing device for the top of the cylinder, the screw device being below as in Figure 1. IITthis case the shoulder D is quite plain and the outer top edge of the liner B is somewhat chamfered where it bears on the packing d.

In Figure 3 the liner B is provided with an external flange T at its foot through which are passed set pins U. In this case.

the packing at the top'may be as shown in I Figure 1 or as in Figure 2, but the lower packing consists of the usual packing rings a in external grooves b of the liner.

Figure 4 shows a lower screw device very similar to that shown in Figure 1 exce t that the ring K is pressed up by a serrate nut c having an ene a! thread t me into the bottom of the cylinder block.

InlieuofthesetpinsMofFigurelorU' I of Fi 3, studs with nuts may, of course,

be ut d.

Having fully described my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters .Patentisze. a

1. A cylinder for an internal combustion engine comprisin a liner whichis put in from the lower en of the cylinder, an annular abutment at the top of the liner, a packingiuan internal shoulder at the top of the cy der against which said annular abutment bears through themedium'of said ackin a screw device at the'bottom o said cy inder, through the agency of which device said liner is pressed up without rotation a ainst said (packing and means' for packing t e lower'en of said liner in the cylinder.

1 2. A cylinder for an internal combustion engine comprisin a liner which is put in from the lower en of the clylinder', an annular abutment at the to of t e liner, an upper packing for the top 0 the liner, internal shoulder at the top of the cylinder against a which said annular abutment bears through the medium of saidpackin an external shoulder near the bottom 0 said liner, a

'30 lower-packing beneath said external shoulj der, and a screw device adapted to press u wards a inst said packing, whereby t e 1- bottomo the liner and the top-0f the liner are simultaneously packed by "the action of H 35, (said screw device.

' '3. Inan internal combustion engine cylinder of the class described, a liner insertable into the cylinder from the bottom thereof, an external shoulder near the bottom of said 40 liner a lower packing beneath said external shoulder, a plain ring placed beneath said lower packin a screwed rin screwing in the bottom 0 the cylinder an bearing 11gwards against said plain ring to secure 0 packing at the bottom of the cylinder, and. means to permit of the turning of said screwed ring.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name this 14th, da of Au 1928. HE ER A STIN. 

